Fuel pump for solid injection otto-cycle engines



5 v N Aug. 27C, 1929. E. RHEwrr-r`r 1,726,150

FUEL PUMP FCR soLiD .INJECTION C'IToA CYCLE ENGINES 'iled June 28, 1,927 2 sne'ets-sneet 1l e EA.

BY ATT ORNEYS 2 s'neetsfsneet 2 Dm m w N .1M v M ,./7 N -..VZ N\\ CW.. W 11| .M IJ l e l l .llvl Iiwlll M j ...1 f W n m Z 7 dm HD M Aug- 27; 1929- EQ R. HEwlT-r 'FUEL PUMP FOR SOLIDy INJlixc'lIoNl oTTo CYCLE ENGINES Filed J une 28, 1927 BY ATT URN EYS Patented Aug. Z7, 1929.

e UNITED sTA'Tl-:s

1,726,150 PATE N9ToF F1cE.-Q

EDWARD R; BEWITT, F MIDVALE; NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOI'R TO INTERNATIONAL MOTOR COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, Y., A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE. y

FUEL PUMP FOR SOLID INJECTION OTTO-CYCLE ENGINES.

Application led June 28,

The present invention relates to pumps for supplying a fluid at a suitable pressure and to be used in'measured quantities. More particularly, the invention is adapted for use in constructions where the fluid isto be delivered .with an impact blow, periodically, and .in

measured quantities.

' In internal combustion engines, particular- 1y o f the Diesel type, it has been found de:J 1o sirable to inject the liquid fuel directly into the cylinder or combustion space by means of a blowweect on vthe liquid supply column. Although many devices have been designed to utilize this principle in a practical way,

I great difficulty has been encountered in pro-' viding a means to supply the fuel under suGh an impact, in measured quantities which may be varied as desired. A n object of the present invention'is to provide a fuel pump which is constructed to impart a hammer blow upon a confined column of fuel periodically in accordance with the number of revolutions per minute ofthe enine supplied, the force and suddenness of .25 the'blow being independent of the speed of to. the times of supply of the other cylinders l of the engine.

Reference will now be had to the accompanying drawings for a more detailed description of the invention, wherein y Figure 1 is an endelevation ofthe pump iwhich constitutesla preferred embodiment of the present invention.

F1gure'2 is a section taken on line 2-2 ofv f Figure 1' and looking in the direction of the arrows. i Figure 3 is a section taken on' line 3--3 of Figure 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows. e 4 l f Figure 4 is a section't'aken on 'hne 4-4 of Figure 1 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

1927. Serial No. 202,061.

" Figure 5 is a fragmentary View showing 55 the check valves in detail.

Referring particularly to Figures 1 and 4,

a deslgnates a housing which may form a part of, or-be clamped to an engine or other dr1ving unit with which the present invention 60 1s-to be used. Within this housing is carried .a drlv'e shaft rarfwllich is driven through a gear a2 and journaled at one end, as at a3, to the housing a. On the outer side of the bearmg c, is provided a pinion a* which engages a drivlng gear a5 mounted on a shaft I), which 1s carried in the main pump casing.

Asuitable clutch connection between gear af and shaft b may beprovided which conslsts of interengaging collars a and b', the 70. latter being keyed to, shaft b, and urged into engagement with collar a by means of spring b? seated on n ut b3. The shaft b is mounted in a suitable packing joint b* of well known construction, the entire joint and bearing beingcarried by a closure b5 for the main pump s caslng.

A pump casing c, which may serve as an oil reservoir,is provided with a flanged facing c over which a cap c2 isitted and se- S0 'cured by bolts c3. Shaft b is journaled in this cap at c4, and in this manner the driving connection for shaft b is completel enclosed. :The other end of Vthis shaft may e encased by means of a cap c, and in this manner the 85 structure is completely enclosed. Shaft ,b carries a number of drop cams b, t enumber being determined b'y the number of cylin-v ders` in the unit with which the invention is to be used, and these cams are constructed,'as 90 their name implies, with shoulders b so'that the member lifted thereby will drop off of the shoulders with a speed which is independent of the rotation of the cam. By controlling the Yforce with which the feed is supplied by o5 means of this type of cam, the character of lthe fuel su ply will `not be affected by the rotation of t e. engine, a uniform vaporization and quantity being supplied at all speeds.

The casing c is provided with a closure d which has formed thereon a block d having a downwardl projecting member d2. Formed in the bloc if are a pluralityof cylinders da in fwhich reciprocates ypistons d. The stroke of these pistons carries them beyond the supply ducts d and as they move into the upper portions of the cylinders and cut othe communicationof the supply ducts at the other end, on the outer face. of the flange h on the adjacent fitting h. In the end of theplunger, openings r.7 are provided to permit the fluid to flow therethrough to the next fitting when the plunger. is unseated underthe pressure of the fluid. Fargreater efficiency is obtained by using two checks in tandem since a temporary incapacity of one is supported by the other checkto insure no f back leakage and the desired pressure in the supp1y.line ma be sustained with comparative ease. Eac piston is connected by a suitable link e with a coil spring e', the tension of which is varied by means of suitable adjusting nuts e2, these nuts. being mounted in the bottom of the closure member d. A stdp bar fis mounted so that all the pistons pass therethrough, and movement of the bar il; constrained to the plane of the pistons by means of rods -f sliding within the block d. The

- osition of the stop bar is adjusted in the ollowing manner. A rock shaft g, rotatably mounted in block drand adapted to be adjusted angularly by means of control lever g', is provided, with eccentrics g2. Links g? connect rock shaftg 4with stop bar f through the eccentrics .and 1t will be apparent that the angular position of gf determines theposition of stop'bar f and consequently, the extent of upward movement permitted the pistons di; l

Arms 71. are mounted pivotally in extension lcl2 and Abear upon the surface of the cam 66,

` there being one arm for each cam. At the remote ends of these arms, they are pivotally connected to the links e and 1n this manner, when the arms h ride up on the shoulders I,

A the springs e will be compressed. As they ride offpthe shoulder the spring will force .the

pistons d* upwardly confining and' striking an unim 'eded blow upon a quantity of fluid lwithin t e" up er portion of the cylmdersda,

and forcing t e same quantity through the check valvesh. By lowering the stop bar-f,

the extent to which the lpistons d enter the upper portion of the cylinders d4', is decreased, and a smaller volume of fluid ispumped.

v ,The hammer blow imparted to the column by the springs e forces the'iiuid throughnthe check valves h under excessive pressure building up a great ressure in the supply line between the chec valves and the pressure of the injector spring and. enabling it to be finally atomized in the-combustion chambers by: a suitable form of injector. As previously noted, the force with-which this ham mer blow is given depends upon the compression of thes rings e. As the drop-from the shoulders o the cams b" is notimpeded, the

sudden'ness of the hammer blow as well as At the extreme 'end -of the gfthe piston, arms,

"the fluid -betweenthe stop bar and the-washf. ers e3. This column of fluid serves as a cushion to absorb the impact of the moving parts and effectively protects the mechanism.

Obviously, the specific construction, design, and arrangementofelements may be Varied without departing from vthe scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

What I claim is):` l 1. An apparatus'of the class described comprising a cylinder, an inlet in the side wall ofthe cylinder toffe'ed fluid thereto from a source of supply, an outlet from the cylinder at a distance from said inlet, a piston in the cylinder adapted to move in its fluid impelling stroke to close the inlet and subsequently move beyond it, a spring to thus move the piston to force fluidthrough the outlet, and a cam to withdraw the piston and store energy in the spring, said cam being formed with a Adrop permittin the'spring to cause the pis-l ton to strike a ammer blow upon the fluid,` regardless of the speed of rotation of the camf l 2. An apparatus of the class described comprising a uid supply, therein', a'delivery pipe, a spring to move .the piston to'force aquantity of the fluid through a delivery pipe, means to vary the tension of the spring, means .independent of thel firsta cylinder, .a piston named means to vary the stroke of the iston,

and a cam to withdraw thelpiston an store energy in thespring, said ca'm being formed to permit free functioning of the spring re- -gardlessof the speed of rotation of thecam.

3. An apparatus of the class describedcomprisi'ng afluid supply, a plurality` of cylinders, a plurality of pistons in the respective cylinders, a delivery pipe, common means adapted `to vary the strokesof the pistons equally and simultaneously,- separate springs to move the pistons to force a quantity of fluid through the delivery pipe, a plurality of cams to withdraw the pistons and store energy in the springs, and 'common means to drive'the cams 4. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing formed of two parts, one

part being a closure for the other, a shaft mounted in the second part, a drop `cam carried by the shaft, a cylinder carried by the closure, a piston .operating in the cylinder, means co-operating with the piston and cylinder to pump a fluid through a delivery system, a spring carried by the closure and normally urging the piston into its pumping stroke, and means to operate the spring from the drop cam. y

5. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing formed of two parts, one part being a closure for the other, a shaft mounted in the second part, a drop cam carried by the shaft, a cylinder carried by the closure, a piston operating in the cylinder, means carried by the'closnre for varying the stroke of the piston, means co-operating with the piston and cylinder to pump a fluid through a delivery system, a spring carried by the closure and normally urging the piston into its pumping stroke, and means to operate the spring from the drop cam.

6. An apparatus of the character described comprising a. casing formed of two parts, one part being a closure for the other, a shaft mounted in the second part, a drop cam carried by the shaft, a cylinder carried' by the closure, a piston operating in the cylinder, ducts eo'operating with the piston and cylinv der to pump a Huid from the casing through a delivery system, a spring carried by the v closure and normally urging the piston into lits pumping stroke, and means to operate the 'to the casing, means to journal a drive shaft in the housing, said housing co-operating with the cap to lcomplete the closurev for the driving means, and means carried within the cap to connect the two shafts operatively, whereby the drive for the pump is completely enclosed.

8. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing formed of two parts, one part being a closure for the other, an inwardly` projecting block carried by the closure', a cylinder formed in the block, a piston in the cylinder, a spring normally urging the piston within the cylinder, an arm pivoted to the block and connected with the piston, and a drop cam mounted in the second part of the casing to engage the pivoted arm.

9. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing formed of two parts, one part being a closure for the other, an inwardly projecting block carried by the closure, a cylinder formed in the block, a piston in the cylinder, means c arried by the block to vary the stroke of the piston, a spring normally urging the piston within the cylinder, an arm pivoted to the block and connected with the piston, `and a drop cam mounted in the secing the piston within the cylinder, 'an arm pivoted `to the block and connected with the piston, and a drop cam mounted in the second part of the casing lo engage the pivoted arm.

11. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing formed of two parts, one part being a closure for the other,

an inwardly projecting block carried by the closure, a cylinder formed in the block. a pis ton in the cylinder` a stop bar for the piston, a rock shaft carried h v the block .means to vary the Yan; \'ular position of the rock shaft.

'ececntrics on the rock shaft. links connected tothe stop bar and rock shaft through the eccentrics to vary the position of the bar and in this manner the stroke of the piston, a spring normally urging the piston within the cylinder, an arm pivoted to the block and connected with the piston, and a dro) cam mounted in .the second part of the casing to engage the.\pivoted arm. f

12. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing formed of two parts, one being a closure for the other, a block mounted in the casing, a cylinder pformed in the block, a piston in the cylinder, a spring normally urging the piston withinthe cylinder, an arm pivoted to the block and connected with the piston, and a drop cam mounted in the second part of the casing to engage the pivoted arm.

13. An apparatus of the character de scribed comprising a casing formed of two arts, one being a closure for the other, a lock mounted in the casing, a cylinder formed in the block, a piston in the cylinder,

-means mounted in the casing to vary the stroke of the piston, a spring normally urging the piston within the cylinder,^an arm lpivoted to the block and connected with the piston, and a drop cam mounted in the sec-- in ythis manner the stroke of the piston, -a spring normally urging the piston within the cylinder, an arm pivoted to the block and connected with the piston, and a drop cam mounted in they second part of the casing to engage the pivoted arm.

15. An apparatus of the character described comprising a casing formed of two parts, one being a closure for the other, a block mounted in the casing, a cylinder formed in the block, a piston in the cylinder, a stop bar for the piston, a rock shaft mounted in the casing, means to vary the angular posi-4 tion of the rock shaft, eccentrics on the rock shaft, links connected to the stop' bar and rock shaft through the cccentrics to vary the position ofthe bar/and in this manner the stroke of the piston, a spring normally urging the piston within the cylinder, an arm pivoted to the bloclr and connected with the piston, and a drop cam mounted in the second part of the casing to engage the pivotcd arm.

16. An apparatus of the character de scribed comprising a casing formed ot two parts, one part being a closure for the other, an inwardly projecting block carried by the closure, a plurality of cylinders formed in the block, pistons in the cylinders` independent springs for each piston normally urging the respective pistons inwardly` a plurality of arms pivoted to the block and connected with the respective pistons, a shaft mounted in the second portion of the casing, a plurality of cams spaced angularly on the shaft and engaging the respective pivoted arms, a stop bar through which the pistons move, guides slidably mounted in the block to constrain the movements of the bar, a rock shaft carried by the block, means to vary the angular position of. the rock shaft, eccentrics on the rock shaft, and links connected to the stop bar and rock shaft through the eccentricsto vary the position of the bar to control the strokes,

a spring normally urging the piston withinthe cylinder, an arm pivoted to the block and connected with the piston, and a vdrop cam mounted in the second part of the casing to engage the pivoted arm.

18. n apparatus of the character described comprising a casing formed of two parts, one being a closure for the other, a block mounted in the casing, a cylinder formed in the block, a piston in the cylinder,

means mounted in the casing to vary thel stroke of the piston, a spring normally urging the piston within the cylinder, an arm pivoted to the block and connected with the piston, a drop cam mounted in the second part of the casing to engage the pivoted arm, and means to cushionthe force of the piston and associated parts. ,c

rlhis specification signed this 16th day of J une, A. D. 1927.

EDWARD R.- HEWITT. 

